This Day in History February 23

about 2 years in Jamaica Observer

Today is the 54th day of 2022. There are 311 days left in the year.TODAY' S HIGHLIGHT2000: Preston King, a black man who refused induction into the Army in the 1960s because the all-white draft board wouldn't address him as "Mr", returns to the United States for the first time in 39 years after receiving a presidential pardon. OTHER EVENTS1573: Irish rebellion is crushed with surrender of James Fitzmaurice; pacification of Perth ends fighting in Scotland between Regent and supporters of Mary Queen of Scots.1574: Fifth War of Religion breaks out in France.1660: Sweden's King Charles IX executes leaders of pro-Polish party for treason.1820: Cato Street conspiracy to murder British Cabinet minister is discovered.1836: Siege of the Alamo begins in future US state of Texas against Mexicans.1854: Britain agrees to leave territory north of Orange River in South Africa, allowing for establishment of constitution for Orange Free State.1861: US President-elect Abraham Lincoln arrives secretly in Washington to take office after an assassination plot is foiled in Baltimore.1901: Britain and Germany agree on boundary between German East Africa and Nyasaland.1905: The Rotary Club is established in Chicago.1927: US President Calvin Coolidge signs a Bill creating the Federal Radio Commission, forerunner of the Federal Communications Commission.1933: Japan begins occupation of China north of the Great Wall.1934: Nicaraguan rebel leader Cesar Augusto Sandino, invited to meet with army leader and later dictator Anastasio Somoza, is abducted and murdered.1938: First oil discovery in Kuwait.1942: Japanese submarine shells oil refinery near Santa Barbara, California.1945: US Marines plant flag on Mount Suribachi, Iwo Jima, but it will be another three weeks until all Japanese defenders on the island are defeated.1954: The first mass inoculation of children against polio with the Salk vaccine begins in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.1964: Britain recognises President Abdul Amari Karume's regime in Zanzibar, renamed Tanzania.1970: Republic of Guyana, formerly British Guiana, ends association with Britain but remains within Commonwealth.1975: US decision to end arms embargo against Pakistan draws wrath of India, which cancels planned March meeting in Washington.1990: Prince Sihanouk returns to Cambodia after 11 years in exile.1991: Military junta seizes power in Thailand after a bloodless coup.1993: Rallying behind red flags and portraits of Lenin, more than 10,000 pro-Communists march to the Kremlin to denounce Russian President Boris Yeltsin and urge the military to rise up against him.1994: Bosnia's Muslim-led government and Croat forces sign a truce.1995: Speaking to Canada's Parliament, US President Bill Clinton voices support for a united Canada, as threat of Quebec secession looms.1996: Two sons-in-law of Iraqi President Saddam Hussein are killed by clan members after returning to the country after defecting.1997: Ali Abu Kamal, a Palestinian, fires a gun into a crowd on the observation deck of New York City's Empire State Building, killing one person and injuring six, then shoots himself to death.1998: Leftist guerrillas set off a mine in India, killing five soldiers sent to guard polling stations and raising the death toll related to parliamentary election to 29.1999: The first peace talks between Kosovo Albanians and Yugoslavia end in Rambouillet, France, without much progress toward a settlement. NATO suspends its threat of bombing till the talks resume March 15.2000: Mexican-born American musician Carlos Santana wins eight Grammy Awards for Supernatural, tying the record set by Michael Jackson.2002: Colombia's President Andres Pastrana returns to a spot in former rebel territory where he began a tortuous peace process three years ago, and blames the guerrillas for sabotaging the talks to end Colombia's 38-year war.2007: Forty-six countries sign a declaration in Oslo pushing for a global ban on cluster bombs, a move activists hailed as a major step forward, despite opposition from the US, Russia, Israel and China.2009: The first Guantanamo detainee released since President Barack Obama took office returns to Britain, saying his seven years in captivity were a nightmare.2010: Darfur's most powerful rebel group and the Sudanese Government sign a truce after a year of internationally sponsored negotiations, raising hopes the bloody seven-year conflict could draw to a close.2011: The scope of Moammar Gadhafi's control whittles away as major Libyan cities and towns closer to the capital fall to the rebellion against his rule.2012: UN-appointed investigators in Geneva say they have compiled a list of Syrian officials accused of crimes against humanity that reaches as high as President Bashar Assad.2013: Tens of thousands of people march to protest austerity measures introduced by Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy in a bid to reduce the deficit, ease market pressures on government borrowing, and try to avoid a full financial bailout.2015: At least five drones fly over the Eiffel Tower, the US Embassy, and other Paris landmarks, the most audacious of several mysterious drone flights around France in recent months. Authorities are investigating. TODAY'S BIRTHDAYSGeorge Frederick Handel, German composer (1685-1759); Sir George Frederick Watts, English artist (1817-1904); Constantine Caramanlis, Greek president (1907-1998); Peter Fonda, US actor/director (1940-2019); Brad Whitford, guitarist for Aerosmith (1952- ); Howard Jones, British singer (1955- ); Kristin Davis, US actress (1965- ) - AP

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